TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
A1  - Kasper, Dennis L.
A1  - Fauci, Anthony S.
A1  - Hauser, Stephen L.
A1  - Longo, Dan L.
A1  - Jameson, J. Larry
A1  - Loscalzo, Joseph
PY  - 2016
T2  - Harrison's Manual of Medicine, 19e
AB  - Acute  respiratory  distress  syndrome  (ARDS)  develops  rapidly  and  includes  severe  dyspnea,  diffuse  pulmonary  infiltrates,  and  hypoxemia;  it  typically  causes  respiratory  failure.  Key  diagnostic  criteria  for  ARDS  include  (1)  diffuse  bilateral  pulmonary  infiltrates  on  CXR;  (2)  PaO2  (arterial  partial  pressure  of  oxygen  in  mmHg)/FIO2  (inspired  O2  fraction)  ≤200  mmHg;  and  (3)  absence  of  elevated  left  atrial  pressure  (pulmonary  capillary  wedge  pressure  ≤18  mmHg).  Acute  lung  injury  is  a  related  but  milder  syndrome,  with  less  profound  hypoxemia  (PaO2/FIO2  ≤300  mmHg),  that  can  develop  into  ARDS.  Although  many  medical  and  surgical  conditions  can  cause  ARDS,  most  cases  (>80%)  result  from  sepsis,  bacterial  pneumonia,  trauma,  multiple  blood  transfusions,  gastric  acid  aspiration,  and  drug  overdose.  Individuals  with  more  than  one  predisposing  factor  have  a  greater  risk  of  developing  ARDS.  Other  risk  factors  include  older  age,  chronic  alcohol  abuse,  metabolic  acidosis,  and  overall  severity  of  critical  illness.  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill Education
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/20
UR  - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1128781960
ER  -