TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Ethics, Palliative Care, and Care at the End of Life
A1  - Hall, Daniel E.
A1  - Angelos, Peter
A1  - Dunn, Geoffrey P.
A1  - Hinshaw, Daniel B.
A1  - Pawlik, Timothy M.
A2  - Brunicardi, F. Charles
A2  - Andersen, Dana K.
A2  - Billiar, Timothy R.
A2  - Dunn, David L.
A2  - Hunter, John G.
A2  - Matthews, Jeffrey B.
A2  - Pollock, Raphael E.
Y1  - 2015
N1  - 
T2  - Schwartz's Principles of Surgery, 10e
AB  - The  physician  should  document  that  the  patient  or  surrogate  has  the  capacity  to  make  a  medical  decision.The  physician  discloses  to  the  patient  details  regarding  the  diagnosis  and  treatment  options  sufficient  for  the  patient  to  make  an  informed  consent.Living  wills  are  written  to  anticipate  treatment  options  and  choices  in  the  event  that  a  patient  is  rendered  incompetent  by  a  terminal  illness.The  durable  power  of  attorney  for  healthcare  identifies  surrogate  decision  makers  and  invests  them  with  the  authority  to  make  healthcare  decisions  on  the  patient’s  behalf  in  the  event  that  they  are  unable  to  speak  for  themselves.Surgeons  should  encourage  their  patients  to  clearly  identify  their  surrogates  early  in  the  course  of  treatment.Earlier  referral  and  wider  use  of  palliative  and  hospice  care  may  help  more  patients  achieve  their  goals  at  the  end  of  life.Seven  requirements  for  the  ethical  conduct  of  clinical  trials  have  been  articulated:  value,  scientific  validity,  fair  subject  selection,  favorable  risk-benefit  ratio,  independent  review,  informed  consent,  and  respect  for  enrolled  subjects.Disclosure  of  error  is  consistent  with  recent  ethical  advances  in  medicine  toward  more  openness  with  patients  and  the  involvement  of  patients  in  their  care.  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill Education
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/18
UR  - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1117755531
ER  -