TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Chapter 180. Gram-Negative Coccal and Bacillary Infections A1 - Cohen, Myron S. A1 - Rutala, William A. A1 - Weber, David J. A2 - Goldsmith, Lowell A. A2 - Katz, Stephen I. A2 - Gilchrest, Barbara A. A2 - Paller, Amy S. A2 - Leffell, David J. A2 - Wolff, Klaus Y1 - 2012 N1 - T2 - Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine, 8e AB - The Gram stain is used to differentiate among different types of bacteria based on the biochemical properties of their cell walls.1 The stain is named after Danish scientist Hans Christian Gram (1853–1938) who developed the method to differentiate between two causes of pneumonia (Streptococcus pneumoniae and Klebsiella pneumoniae).2 The demonstration of Gram-negative cocci in sterile sites usually indicates infection due to Neisseria meningitides or N. gonorrhoeae. Gram-negative bacilli may be described as fusiform (e.g., Fusobacterium nucleatum, Capnocytophaga spp.), curved (e.g., Vibrio spp., Campylobacter spp., Helicobacter spp.), coccobacilli (e.g., Haemophilus spp., Brucella spp.), or rods (e.g., Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp.). SN - PB - The McGraw-Hill Companies CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/29 UR - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=56082575 ER -