TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Left Ventricular Noncompaction A1 - Arbustini, Eloisa A1 - Serio, Alessandra A1 - Giuliani, Lorenzo A1 - Narula, Nupoor A1 - Di Toro, Alessandro A2 - Fuster, Valentin A2 - Narula, Jagat A2 - Vaishnava, Prashant A2 - Leon, Martin B. A2 - Callans, David J. A2 - Rumsfeld, John S. A2 - Poppas, Athena Y1 - 2022 N1 - T2 - Fuster and Hurst's The Heart, 15e AB - Chapter SummaryThis chapter reviews left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC). LVNC is an anatomical descriptor that does not inform on left ventricular function and size. The three morphologic features of LVNC are prominent trabeculae, deep intertrabecular recesses, and thin compact myocardial layer (see Fuster and Hurst’s Central Illustration). The right ventricle can be involved as isolated right ventricular noncompaction (RVNC) or biventricular noncompaction. LVNC can occur in patients with cardiomyopathies, congenital heart disease, or syndromes with cardiac and multiorgan malformations. Isolated LVNC can also be observed in healthy individuals, including athletes, and in patients with renal failure, and hematological or neuromuscular diseases. LVNC seen in primigravida in the third trimester is reversible and regresses after delivery. Diagnostic criteria are variable for both echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR), and based on the measurement of the ratio of noncompact to compact myocardial layers being ≥2. The presence of LVNC does not influence prognosis nor modify management strategy: both are driven by the underlying cardiac disease. Genetic testing identifies defects associated with the cardiac disease and should be prescribed when a genetic disorder is really suspected. LNVC such as that observed in young athletes with normal left ventricular size and function, unremarkable CMR, and family history for cardiomyopathy should be evaluated with great caution before assigning pathological significance. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/28 UR - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1202454545 ER -