TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Viruses of Diarrhea A1 - Ryan, Kenneth J. Y1 - 2022 N1 - T2 - Sherris & Ryan's Medical Microbiology, 8th Edition AB - OverviewViral gastroenteritis (inflammation of stomach, small, and large intestine) is caused by rotaviruses, caliciviruses, astroviruses, and some adenoviruses serotypes (enteric), which results in vomiting and/or diarrhea. In addition to the bacterial and protozoal agents responsible for approximately 20% to 25% of these cases, these viruses are a significant cause of the balance. Acute diarrheal disease is an illness, usually of rapid evolution (within several hours), that lasts less than 3 weeks. Worldwide, diarrhea caused by rotavirus resulted in an estimated 528,000 infants’ death in 2000, which has dropped to an estimated 128,500 in 2016 due to rotavirus vaccination. The vaccine has averted 28,000 deaths in 2016. In the United States, the total annual deaths before the vaccine era used to be less than 60, but these viruses were still the major causes of severe illness and hospitalization in early life. Since the introduction of rotavirus vaccine in the United States in 2006, rotaviruses-related illness, and hospitalizations have significantly dropped, and deaths are rare. Symptoms of the rotavirus disease like vomiting, abdominal cramps, and low-grade fever followed by watery stools that usually do not contain mucus, blood, or pus, are all characteristics of the acute phase of illness and can also be seen with infections due to caliciviruses, astroviruses, and adenoviruses. Following successful rotavirus vaccination, caliciviruses have become the leading cause of viral diarrhea in the United States. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/29 UR - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1185630093 ER -