TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Health Needs and Service Delivery Models for Transgender Communities in Low- and Middle-Income Countries A1 - Beckham, S. Wilson A1 - Sauerwalt, Eli A1 - Elfer, Katherine N. A1 - Harfouch, Omar A1 - Baral, Stefan A2 - Keuroghlian, Alex S. A2 - Potter, Jennifer A2 - Reisner, Sari L. Y1 - 2022 N1 - T2 - Transgender and Gender Diverse Health Care: The Fenway Guide AB - This chapter focuses on transgender and gender diverse (TGD) communities in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) and explores both key differences in the communities compared with higher resource areas as well as issues that are similar across settings. Data suggest there are no fewer TGD people in LMIC compared with higher resource countries, and their health care needs are similar. However, given pervasive and intersectional stigma, it is harder to conduct research about and provide health care to TGD in LMIC. Therefore, there are less data on TGD, their health, and effective service models in LMIC. Nevertheless, providers and implementers must consider stigma and discrimination when designing and delivering evidence-based and high-quality services. This chapter discusses some of the roles of intersectional stigma and violence, including stigma related to gender, sexual behavior, and HIV/AIDS; then highlights issues of sexual health, infectious disease, mental health, and substance use that are particular to TGD people in LMIC. The chapter then discusses service models for affirming health care for TGD people and concludes with a case study about TGD health care for individuals in Lebanon. SN - PB - McGraw Hill CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/28 UR - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1184177373 ER -