TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Cholelithiasis & Cholecystitis in Pregnancy
A1  - Rogers, Vanessa L.
A1  - Roberts, Scott W.
A2  - Papadakis, Maxine A.
A2  - McPhee, Stephen J.
A2  - Rabow, Michael W.
A2  - McQuaid, Kenneth R.
Y1  - 2022
N1  - 
T2  - Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2022
AB  - Cholelithiasis  is  common  in  pregnancy  as  physiologic  changes  such  as  increased  cholesterol  production  and  incomplete  gallbladder  emptying  predispose  to  gallstone  formation.  The  diagnosis  is  usually  suspected  based  on  classic  symptoms  of  nausea,  vomiting,  and  right  upper  quadrant  pain,  usually  after  meals,  and  is  confirmed  with  right  upper  quadrant  ultrasound.  Symptomatic  cholelithiasis  without  cholecystitis  is  usually  managed  conservatively,  but  recurrent  symptoms  are  common.  Cholecystitis  results  from  obstruction  of  the  cystic  duct  and  often  is  accompanied  by  bacterial  infection.  Medical  management  with  antibiotics  is  reasonable  in  selected  cases,  but  definitive  treatment  with  cholecystectomy  will  help  prevent  complications  such  as  gallbladder  perforation  and  pancreatitis.  Cholecystectomy  has  successfully  been  performed  in  all  trimesters  of  pregnancy  and  should  not  be  withheld  based  on  the  stage  of  pregnancy  if  clinically  indicated.  Laparoscopy  is  preferred  in  the  first  half  of  pregnancy,  but  becomes  more  technically  challenging  in  the  last  trimester  due  to  the  enlarged  uterus  and  cephalad  displacement  of  abdominal  contents.  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill Education
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/18
UR  - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1184182338
ER  -