TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Shigellosis A1 - Fullerton, Katie A1 - Karp, Beth A1 - Appiah, Grace D. A1 - Strockbine, Nancy A2 - Boulton, Matthew L. A2 - Wallace, Robert B. Y1 - 2022 N1 - T2 - Maxcy-Rosenau-Last Public Health & Preventive Medicine, 16e AB - Worldwide, shigellosis is estimated to cause more than 188 million cases of diarrhea each year, including about 500,000 cases in the United States.1,2 “Bacillary dysentery,” a term used to describe a diarrheal illness with fever, abdominal pain, and blood and pus (leukocytes) in the stool, is often used to refer to shigellosis in lower income countries. Transmission of Shigella spp. is most likely when there is crowding and hygiene and sanitation are insufficient. Shigellosis is predominantly caused by S. sonnei in industrialized countries, whereas S. flexneri prevails in lower income countries; there is evidence that S. sonnei is increasing in industrializing regions in Asia, Latin America, and the Middle East.3 Infections caused by S. boydii and S. dysenteriae are uncommon globally but can make up a substantial proportion of Shigella spp. isolated in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. SN - PB - McGraw Hill CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/28 UR - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1182665367 ER -