TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Osteoporosis & Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis A1 - Mattaparthi, Kavitha A1 - Zaheer, Muhammad A1 - Humphrey, Mary Beth A2 - Stone, John H. Y1 - 2021 N1 - T2 - Current Diagnosis & Treatment: Rheumatology, 4e AB - ESSENTIALS OF DIAGNOSISOsteoporosis is defined as bone fragility due to reduced bone mineral density (BMD) or loss of bone trabecular microarchitecture.Fragility fractures occur most frequently in the wrists, forearms, spine, and hips.The incidence of osteoporosis increases with age, independent of sex, but the disease is most prevalent in postmenopausal women.The risk of spinal fracture increases with chronic glucocorticoid doses as low as 2.5 mg of prednisone daily.Prednisone doses higher than 7.5 mg daily increase the risk of spine fractures fivefold and double the risk of hip fracture.Risk of osteoporosis is associated not only with glucocorticoids but with other medications as well, including chronic use of PPIs, anticonvulsants, SSRIs, and warfarin.Preventive measures and treatment options are effective at reducing fractures. SN - PB - McGraw Hill CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/29 UR - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1180198946 ER -