TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Atrial Septal Defect & Patent Foramen Ovale A1 - Bashore, Thomas M. A1 - Granger, Christopher B. A1 - Jackson, Kevin P. A1 - Patel, Manesh R. A2 - Papadakis, Maxine A. A2 - McPhee, Stephen J. A2 - Rabow, Michael W. Y1 - 2020 N1 - T2 - Current Medical Diagnosis and Treatment 2020 AB - ESSENTIALS OF DIAGNOSISOften asymptomatic and discovered on routine physical examination.With an atrial septal defect (ASD) and left to right shunt: RV lift; S2 widely split and fixed.Echocardiography/Doppler is diagnostic.ASDs should be closed if there is evidence of an RV volume overload regardless of symptoms.A patent foramen ovale (PFO), present in 25% of the population, rarely can lead to paradoxic emboli. Suspicion should be highest in patients who have cryptogenic stroke before age 55 years. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2022/05/19 UR - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1166611076 ER -