TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Superficial Fungal Infection A1 - Craddock, Lauren N. A1 - Schieke, Stefan M. A2 - Kang, Sewon A2 - Amagai, Masayuki A2 - Bruckner, Anna L. A2 - Enk, Alexander H. A2 - Margolis, David J. A2 - McMichael, Amy J. A2 - Orringer, Jeffrey S. Y1 - 2019 N1 - T2 - Fitzpatrick's Dermatology, 9e AB - AT-A-GLANCEMycoses are divided among 3 forms: superficial, subcutaneous, and deep/systemic.Superficial fungal infection is defined as a dermatophyte infection of keratinized tissues including skin, hair, and nails.Dermatophyte species are contained in 3 genera (Epidermophyton, Microsporum, and Trichophyton), which are further divided according to 3 natural habitats (humans, animals, and soil).Trichophyton is the most common genera isolated in the United States.Trichophyton rubrum is the most common cause of dermatophytosis of the skin.Trichophyton tonsurans is the most common cause of tinea capitis in the United States.Piedra, which consists of white and black forms, is an asymptomatic superficial fungal infection of the hair shaft.Onychomycosis is the name given to dermatophytosis of the nails.Microscopic examination, culture, Wood light evaluation, and histopathology may all be useful in confirming diagnosis.Several topical and oral antifungals are available for effective treatment of dermatophytosis.Infections involving hair bearing skin and nails typically require oral treatment. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/10/06 UR - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1161353370 ER -