TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Chagas Disease and African Trypanosomiasis A1 - Chappuis, François A1 - Jackson, Yves A2 - Jameson, J. Larry A2 - Fauci, Anthony S. A2 - Kasper, Dennis L. A2 - Hauser, Stephen L. A2 - Longo, Dan L. A2 - Loscalzo, Joseph Y1 - 2018 N1 - T2 - Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 20e AB - Myriads of protozoan parasites of the genus Trypanosoma infect plants and animals worldwide. Among these, three are of clinical significance for humans: T. cruzi causes Chagas disease, and T. brucei gambiense and T. brucei rhodesiense cause human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), which is also known as “sleeping sickness.” Despite obvious differences in their geographic distribution, parasitic life cycle, clinical presentation, treatment, and outcome, these vector-borne diseases are archetypal examples of neglected tropical diseases. More broadly, these infectious diseases affect neglected populations of the lowest socioeconomic class who have limited access to care and who live either in remote rural areas of low- or middle-income tropical/subtropical countries or in urban areas of both endemic and nonendemic countries. The drugs to treat these conditions are several decades old, their availability is fragile, and their efficacy and/or safety is suboptimal. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/28 UR - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1160014625 ER -