TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding A1 - Ziebell, Christopher M. A1 - Kitlowski, Andrew D. A1 - Welch, Janna A1 - Friesen, Phillip A2 - Tintinalli, Judith E. A2 - Ma, O. John A2 - Yealy, Donald M. A2 - Meckler, Garth D. A2 - Stapczynski, J. Stephan A2 - Cline, David M. A2 - Thomas, Stephen H. Y1 - 2020 N1 - T2 - Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide, 9e AB - Upper GI bleeding is any GI bleeding originating proximal to the ligament of Treitz. The overall annual incidence of upper GI bleeding ranges from 39 to 172 per 100,000 in Western countries.1-3 Difference in prevalence between countries is attributed to variations in Helicobacter pylori rates, socioeconomic conditions, and prescription patterns of ulcer-healing and ulcer-promoting medications.2 Increasing age, coexistent organ system disease, and recurrent hemorrhage are factors associated with increased morbidity and mortality.3 SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/29 UR - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1166533537 ER -