TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Biosynthesis of the Nutritionally Nonessential Amino Acids A1 - Rodwell, Victor W. A2 - Rodwell, Victor W. A2 - Bender, David A. A2 - Botham, Kathleen M. A2 - Kennelly, Peter J. A2 - Weil, P. Anthony Y1 - 2018 N1 - T2 - Harper's Illustrated Biochemistry, 31e AB - OBJECTIVESAfter studying this chapter, you should be able to:Explain why the absence from the diet of certain amino acids that are present in most proteins is not deleterious to human health.Appreciate the distinction between the terms “essential” and “nutritionally essential” amino acids, and identify the amino acids that are nutritionally nonessential.Name the intermediates of the citric acid cycle and of glycolysis that are precursors of aspartate, asparagine, glutamate, glutamine, glycine, and serine.Illustrate the key role of transaminases in amino acid metabolism.Explain the process by which the 4-hydroxyproline and 5-hydroxylysine of proteins such as collagen are formed.Describe the clinical presentation of scurvy, and provide a biochemical explanation for why a severe deprivation of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) results in this nutritional disorder.Appreciate that, despite the toxicity of selenium, selenocysteine is an essential component of several mammalian proteins.Define and outline the reaction catalyzed by a mixed-function oxidase.Identify the role of tetrahydrobiopterin in tyrosine biosynthesis.Indicate the role of a modified transfer RNA (tRNA) in the cotranslational insertion of selenocysteine into proteins. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/28 UR - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1160190015 ER -