TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Cholesterol Synthesis, Transport, & Excretion A1 - Botham, Kathleen M. A1 - Mayes, Peter A. A2 - Rodwell, Victor W. A2 - Bender, David A. A2 - Botham, Kathleen M. A2 - Kennelly, Peter J. A2 - Weil, P. Anthony Y1 - 2018 N1 - T2 - Harper's Illustrated Biochemistry, 31e AB - OBJECTIVESAfter studying this chapter, you should be able to:Explain the importance of cholesterol as an essential structural component of cell membranes and as a precursor of all other steroids in the body, and indicate its pathologic role in cholesterol gallstone disease and atherosclerosis development.Identify the five stages in the biosynthesis of cholesterol from acetyl-CoA.Indicate the role of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMG-CoA reductase) in controlling the rate of cholesterol synthesis and explain the mechanisms by which its activity is regulated.Explain that cholesterol balance in cells is tightly regulated and indicate the factors involved in maintaining the correct balance.Explain the role of plasma lipoproteins, including chylomicrons, very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), in the transport of cholesterol between tissues in the plasma.Name the two main primary bile acids found in mammals, outline the pathways by which they are synthesized from cholesterol in the liver.Explain the importance of bile acid synthesis not only in the digestion and absorption of fats but also as a major excretory route for cholesterol.Indicate how secondary bile acids are produced from primary bile acids by intestinal bacteria.Explain what is meant by the “enterohepatic circulation” and why it is important.Identify various factors related to plasma cholesterol concentrations that affect the risk of coronary heart disease, including diet and lifestyle and the class of lipoprotein in which it is carried.Give examples of inherited and noninherited conditions affecting lipoprotein metabolism that cause hypo- or hyperlipoproteinemia. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/28 UR - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1160189958 ER -