TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Assessment and Management of Patients with Renal Disease A1 - Lam, Albert Q. A1 - Seifter, Julian L. A2 - McKean, Sylvia C. A2 - Ross, John J. A2 - Dressler, Daniel D. A2 - Scheurer, Danielle B. Y1 - 2017 N1 - T2 - Principles and Practice of Hospital Medicine, 2e AB - The kidneys are responsible for several vital homeostatic processes, including the excretion of nitrogenous waste products, the regulation of fluid volume and electrolytes, acid–base balance, and the production of hormones important for blood pressure regulation, erythropoiesis, and bone metabolism. They are frequently affected by disease, both acute (occurring over days to weeks) and chronic (occurring over months to years). Acute kidney injury (AKI), formerly known as acute renal failure, has become an increasingly common cause of hospitalization, with an incidence of 5% to 7% among hospitalized patients. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) reportedly affects 13% of adults in the United States, and is associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and expense. The recent advent of automatic reporting of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) with serum creatinine by hospital laboratories has resulted in more patients being identified as having impaired renal function. In order to provide the highest level of care for patients presenting with acute or CKD, the clinician should have a strong understanding of the fundamental issues relevant to their evaluation and management. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/04/24 UR - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1137608788 ER -