TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Therapeutic Modalities A1 - Coveleski, Peter A2 - Maitin, Ian B. A2 - Cruz, Ernesto PY - 2015 T2 - CURRENT Diagnosis & Treatment: Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation AB - The use of physical agents and devices to reduce pain and improve function has a long history in the practice in medicine. In recent decades, technology has increased the variety of modalities available to the practitioner. This chapter surveys the most commonly used options, with the goal of aiding the practitioner in choosing among alternatives. Despite widespread use and decades of experience, however, consensus is lacking regarding indications, implementation, and efficacy for many of these approaches. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/29 UR - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1105127446 ER -