TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Fetal Assessment
A1  - Cunningham, F. Gary
A1  - Leveno, Kenneth J.
A1  - Bloom, Steven L.
A1  - Spong, Catherine Y.
A1  - Dashe, Jodi S.
A1  - Hoffman, Barbara L.
A1  - Casey, Brian M.
A1  - Sheffield, Jeanne S.
PY  - 2013
T2  - Williams Obstetrics, 24e
AB  - Available  techniques  employed  to  forecast  fetal  well-being  focus  on  fetal  biophysical  findings  that  include  heart  rate,  movement,  breathing,  and  amnionic  fluid  production.  These  findings  are  used  to  perform  antepartum  fetal  surveillance  to  accomplish  the  stated  goals  of  the  American  College  of  Obstetricians  and  Gynecologists  and  the  American  Academy  of  Pediatrics  (2012),  which  includes  prevention  of  fetal  death  and  avoidance  of  unnecessary  interventions.  In  most  cases,  a  negative,  that  is,  normal  test  result  is  highly  reassuring,  because  fetal  deaths  within  1  week  of  a  normal  test  are  rare.  Indeed,  negative-predictive  values—a  true  negative  test—for  most  of  the  tests  described  are  99.8  percent  or  higher.  In  contrast,  estimates  of  the  positive-predictive  values—a  true  positive  test—for  abnormal  test  results  are  low  and  range  between  10  and  40  percent.  Importantly,  the  widespread  use  of  antepartum  fetal  surveillance  is  primarily  based  on  circumstantial  evidence  because  there  have  been  no  definitive  randomized  clinical  trials  (Grivell,  2012;  Hofmeyr,  2012).  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill Education
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2021/01/28
UR  - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1102101593
ER  -