TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - HIV-Associated Nephropathy
A1  - Dirkx, Tonja C.
A1  - Woodell, Tyler B.
A2  - Papadakis, Maxine A.
A2  - McPhee, Stephen J.
A2  - Rabow, Michael W.
A2  - McQuaid, Kenneth R.
PY  - 2023
T2  - Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2023
AB  - HIV-associated  nephropathy  usually  presents  with  nephrotic  syndrome  and  declining  GFR  in  patients  with  active  HIV  infection.  Most  who  present  with  HIV-associated  nephropathy  are  of  sub-Saharan  African  descent  with  APOL1  risk  alleles  (see  section  on  Focal  Segmental  Glomerulosclerosis).  HIV-associated  nephropathy  is  usually  associated  with  low  CD4  counts  and  AIDS,  but  it  can  also  be  the  initial  presentation  of  HIV  disease.  Persons  living  with  HIV  are  at  risk  for  other  kidney  diseases,  such  as  toxicity  from  antiretroviral  medications  (eg,  tenofovir  disoproxil  fumarate),  vascular  disease,  and  diabetes,  or  an  immune  complex–mediated  glomerular  disease  (HIV-immune  complex  disease).  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill Education
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/23
UR  - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1193127639
ER  -