TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Paraneoplastic Syndromes: Endocrinologic/Hematologic A1 - Jameson, J. Larry A1 - Longo, Dan L. A2 - Loscalzo, Joseph A2 - Fauci, Anthony A2 - Kasper, Dennis A2 - Hauser, Stephen A2 - Longo, Dan A2 - Jameson, J. Larry PY - 2022 T2 - Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 21e AB - Neoplastic cells can produce a variety of substances that can alter the physiology of hormonal, hematologic, dermatologic, rheumatologic, renal, and neurologic systems. Paraneoplastic syndromes refer to the disorders that accompany benign or malignant tumors but are not directly related to mass effects or invasion. Tumors of neuroendocrine origin, such as small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) and carcinoids are common causes of paraneoplastic syndromes, but they have been associated with many types of tumors that produce peptide hormones, cytokines, and growth factors and induce the production of antibodies. Studies of the prevalence of paraneoplastic syndromes indicate that they are more common than is generally appreciated. The signs, symptoms, and metabolic alterations associated with paraneoplastic disorders are easily overlooked in the context of a malignancy and its treatment. Consequently, atypical clinical manifestations in a patient with cancer should prompt consideration of a paraneoplastic syndrome. The most common hormonal and hematologic syndromes associated with underlying neoplasia will be discussed here. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/28 UR - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1198036753 ER -