TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Selected Interventional Modalities for Pain Relief
A1  - Rabow, Michael W.
A1  - Pantilat, Steven Z.
A1  - Shah, Ann Cai
A1  - Poree, Lawrence
A1  - Steiger, Scott
A2  - Papadakis, Maxine A.
A2  - McPhee, Stephen J.
A2  - Rabow, Michael W.
A2  - McQuaid, Kenneth R.
PY  - 2022
T2  - Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2022
AB  - Pain  management  specialists  are  physicians  who  have  completed  a  residency  in  anesthesiology,  physical  medicine  and  rehabilitation,  neurology,  internal  medicine,  emergency  medicine,  or  psychiatry  and  usually  also  a  fellowship  in  pain  management  to  learn  medication  management  and  interventional  techniques  for  acute,  chronic,  and  cancer  pain.  Interventional  pain  management  modalities  performed  by  pain  management  specialists  involve  neuromodulation  of  specific  targets  to  alleviate  pain.  The  procedures  they  perform  include  percutaneous  needle  injection  of  local  anesthetics  and/or  corticosteroids,  radiofrequency  (thermal)  lesioning,  cryotherapy,  chemical  neurolysis,  or  surgical  implantation  of  intrathecal  medication  delivery  pump  systems  or  neurostimulation  devices.  While  invasive  procedures  carry  their  own  inherent  risks  such  as  bleeding  or  infection,  they  can  drastically  reduce  or  even  obviate  the  need  for  conventional  pharmacological  therapies  that  may  have  side  effects  or  be  burdensome  to  the  individual.  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill Education
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/18
UR  - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1184156825
ER  -