TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Anthrax
A1  - Hendricks, Katherine A.
A1  - Vieira, Antonio
A2  - Boulton, Matthew L.
A2  - Wallace, Robert B.
PY  - 2022
T2  - Maxcy-Rosenau-Last Public Health & Preventive Medicine, 16e
AB  - Background.  Anthrax,  caused  by  the  bacterium  Bacillus  anthracis,  has  been  recognized  as  an  infectious  disease  of  both  humans  and  animals  for  many  centuries.  While  no  longer  causing  substantial  disease  in  the  United  States,  it  occurs  in  multiple  countries  worldwide  and  is  a  major  bioterrorist  threat.  The  name  of  the  disease,  “anthrax,”  is  derived  from  the  Greek  word  anthrakos,  meaning  charcoal  or  carbuncle,  and  refers  to  the  black  skin  lesions  commonly  seen  with  cutaneous  anthrax  infection.1  Anthrax  is  likely  to  have  originated  over  6000  years  ago  in  ancient  Mesopotamia  and  Egypt,  where  it  may  have  caused  the  fifth  plague  of  Egypt  in  which  the  “horses,  donkeys,  and  camels  and  cattle,  sheep,  and  goats”  of  the  Egyptians  died  the  same  day.2  However  it  may  have  existed  as  long  as  12,000  years  ago,  when  livestock  were  first  domesticated.1,3  The  Roman  poet  Virgil  described  an  anthrax  epizootic,  observing  that  eating  meat  or  wearing  clothes  made  from  the  wool  or  hides  of  infected  animals  resulted  in  human  anthrax.4  Devastating  epizootics  of  anthrax  were  described  in  the  middle  ages,  and  an  outbreak  of  anthrax  referred  to  as  the  “black  bain”  is  reported  to  have  killed  60,000  people  in  Europe  in  1613.5  A  number  of  notable  historical6–8  as  well  as  recent9,10  outbreaks  have  occurred  in  the  wake  of  famines  or  food  shortages.  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw Hill
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/18
UR  - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1182667574
ER  -