TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Pneumococcal Infections A1 - Wagner, Abram L. A1 - Boulton, Matthew L. A2 - Boulton, Matthew L. A2 - Wallace, Robert B. PY - 2022 T2 - Maxcy-Rosenau-Last Public Health & Preventive Medicine, 16e AB - Streptococcus pneumoniae (i.e., pneumococcus) was independently isolated in American and French laboratories in the early 1880s.1,2 It was one of the first bacteria to be observed using Gram stain, and advances in microscopic techniques allowed it to become established as a cause of pneumonia, meningitis, and otitis media by the end of the nineteenth century.1 During the 1918 Flu Pandemic, secondary bacterial infections—predominantly pneumococcal, contributed to a high infectious disease-related mortality rate.3 SN - PB - McGraw Hill CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/04/18 UR - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1182665002 ER -