TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Implementing Public Health Programs A1 - Fleming, Oscar A1 - Ramaswamy, Rohit A2 - Boulton, Matthew L. A2 - Wallace, Robert B. PY - 2022 T2 - Maxcy-Rosenau-Last Public Health & Preventive Medicine, 16e AB - The root causes and manifestations of public health challenges reflect the diversity and complexity of human life as well as our living and working environments. For example, tobacco use can have effects on the tobacco user (primary), those nearby through second-hand smoke (secondary), and the immediate environment through accumulation of nicotine and other carcinogens (tertiary). Working to prevent and reduce the health impacts of tobacco use requires a diverse range of interventions. These might include clinical and behavioral interventions with the user in addition to broadly targeted efforts to change social attitudes toward tobacco use and raise awareness of the risks of environmental tobacco exposure for young children. This example is mirrored in many other challenges public health seeks to address, such as obesity, opioid abuse, injury prevention, maternal and infant mortality, among others. In summary, many common public health problems require complex, multifaceted interventions. SN - PB - McGraw Hill CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/29 UR - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1182685701 ER -