TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Healthcare Information Technology A1 - Burns, Lawton Robert PY - 2021 T2 - The U.S. Healthcare Ecosystem: Payers, Providers, Producers AB - The healthcare ecosystem is “awash in data.” It is one of the most data-intensive sectors in the US economy, with more information generated with each patient encounter. Such encounters mushroomed following enactment of Medicare and Medicaid in 1965, spurring payer and provider efforts to get their arms around the costs and utilization patterns of these patient populations. Hospitals and physician offices adopted desktop computers and information software to bill insurers. Hospitals also began to apply healthcare information technology (HCIT) to specialized areas like pharmacy, radiology, and clinical laboratories to gather and analyze clinical information. The enactment of the Inpatient Prospective Payment System (IPPS) in 1983 increased the need for HCIT to manage costs under budgeted payments. During the 1990s, changes in physician payment under Medicare and pressures from managed care payers likewise required physician practices to more widely implement software systems to manage their practice finances. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/04/18 UR - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1180254704 ER -