TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Nicotine Use Disorder A1 - Bales, Brian D. A1 - Hensel, Max A2 - Knoop, Kevin J. A2 - Stack, Lawrence B. A2 - Storrow, Alan B. A2 - Thurman, R. Jason PY - 2021 T2 - The Atlas of Emergency Medicine, 5e AB - Nicotine is a naturally occurring alkaloid found primarily in tobacco. Nicotine delivery methods include cigarettes, pipe and cigar tobacco, smokeless tobacco, electronic cigarettes, nicotine gum, and lozenges. Long-term complications of nicotine use include coronary artery disease, stroke, peripheral vascular disease, thromboangiitis obliterans (Fig. 27.22A), chronic obstructive lung disease, and oropharyngeal and pulmonary malignancies. Lighting a cigarette while using supplemental oxygen may cause flash burns (Fig. 27.23). Cigarette smoking also causes staining of nails and teeth due to both direct staining from tar and nicotine as well as vascular vasoconstriction mediated by the nicotine and carbon monoxide present in tobacco smoke (Fig. 27.22B). More recently, the increased use of electronic cigarettes (vaping) has resulted in a rise in e-cigarette– and vaping-associated lung injury (EVALI) with typical manifestations of bilateral ground-glass opacities on chest CT (Figs. 27.25 and 27.26). SN - PB - McGraw-Hill CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/28 UR - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1181053315 ER -