TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Injection Drug Users A1 - Shepherd, Suzanne M. A2 - Tintinalli, Judith E. A2 - Ma, O. John A2 - Yealy, Donald M. A2 - Meckler, Garth D. A2 - Stapczynski, J. Stephan A2 - Cline, David M. A2 - Thomas, Stephen H. PY - 2020 T2 - Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide, 9e AB - In 2015, multiple groups estimated that a quarter of a million people, approximately 5% of the adult population, used illicit drugs of any variety at least once; the expected use likely causes between 12 million and 28 million years of “healthy life” lost due to premature disability and death.1 In 2015, the United States had approximately one quarter of reported drug-related deaths worldwide, with more than double the death rate seen in 1999. Globally, drug-related deaths produced more mortality than road traffic accidents or violence. Opioids remain the most harmful type of drug of abuse, with a higher risk of fatal and nonfatal overdose and risk of acquiring infection. Of people who inject illicit drugs worldwide, about 1.6 million are infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and 6.1 million are infected with hepatitis C. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/29 UR - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1167031730 ER -