TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Pulmonary Hypertension
A1  - Waxman, Aaron B.
A1  - Loscalzo, Joseph
A2  - Jameson, J. Larry
A2  - Fauci, Anthony S.
A2  - Kasper, Dennis L.
A2  - Hauser, Stephen L.
A2  - Longo, Dan L.
A2  - Loscalzo, Joseph
PY  - 2018
T2  - Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 20e
AB  - Pulmonary  hypertension  (PH)  is  a  spectrum  of  diseases  involving  the  pulmonary  vasculature,  and  defined  as  an  elevation  in  pulmonary  arterial  pressures  (mean  pulmonary  artery  pressure  [PAP]  >22  mmHg  or  an  estimated  systolic  PAP  >36  mmHg).  Pulmonary  arterial  hypertension  (PAH)  is  a  relatively  rare  form  of  PH  and  is  characterized  by  symptoms  of  dyspnea,  chest  pain,  and  syncope.  If  left  untreated,  the  disease  carries  a  high  mortality  rate,  with  the  most  common  cause  of  death  being  decompensated  right  heart  failure.  There  have  been  significant  advances  in  this  field  in  regard  to  understanding  the  pathogenesis,  diagnosis,  and  classification  of  PAH.  Despite  these  significant  advances,  there  is  still  a  substantial  delay  in  diagnosis  of  up  to  2  years.  In  many  cases,  patients  whose  primary  complaint  is  exertional  intolerance  are  frequently  misdiagnosed  with  more  common  diseases  such  as  asthma  or  chronic  obstructive  pulmonary  disease.  The  availability  of  newer  drugs  has  resulted  in  a  radical  change  in  the  management  of  this  disease  with  significant  improvement  in  both  quality  of  life  and  mortality.  A  delay  in  diagnosis  results  in  an  obvious  delay  in  the  initiation  of  appropriate  treatment.  Clinicians  should  be  able  to  recognize  the  signs  and  symptoms  of  PH  and  to  complete  a  systematic  workup  in  at-risk  patients.  In  this  way,  early  diagnosis,  prompt  treatment,  and  improved  outcomes  for  patients  become  achievable.  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill Education
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/19
UR  - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1172696871
ER  -