TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Thyroid Gland Physiology and Testing A1 - Jameson, J. Larry A1 - Mandel, Susan J. A1 - Weetman, Anthony P. A2 - Jameson, J. Larry A2 - Fauci, Anthony S. A2 - Kasper, Dennis L. A2 - Hauser, Stephen L. A2 - Longo, Dan L. A2 - Loscalzo, Joseph PY - 2018 T2 - Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 20e AB - The thyroid gland produces two related hormones, thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) (Fig. 375-1). Acting through thyroid hormone receptors α and β, these hormones play a critical role in cell differentiation and organogenesis during development and help maintain thermogenic and metabolic homeostasis in the adult. Autoimmune disorders of the thyroid gland can stimulate overproduction of thyroid hormones (thyrotoxicosis) or cause glandular destruction and hormone deficiency (hypothyroidism). Benign nodules and various forms of thyroid cancer are relatively common and amenable to detection by physical examination or various imaging techniques. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/10/04 UR - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1166449965 ER -