TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Poisonings and Intoxications A1 - Winchester, James F. A1 - Charen, Elliot A1 - Harbord, Nikolas B. A2 - Lerma, Edgar V. A2 - Rosner, Mitchell H. A2 - Perazella, Mark A. PY - 2017 T2 - CURRENT Diagnosis & Treatment: Nephrology & Hypertension, 2e AB - To underscore the importance of poisoning in modern times recent statistics reveal that the annual deaths from poisoning (47,055 in 2014) now exceed those from traffic accidents in the United States (Figure 57–1). Opioid deaths in the United States, 18,893 in 2014, (Figure 57–2) and Europe (Table 57–1) have become so serious that the antidote naloxone in the form of nasal sprays are carried by police, emergency medical services, firemen, friends, and acquaintances for emergency treatment in the event of an overdose. On the other hand, in patients obtaining advice from their local poison control center mortality is low. The latest report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers (AAPCC) for 2014 reports experience with 2,165,142 human exposures. In 2014, the majority of cases (68.1%) were managed at home, 28.3% required treatment in a health care setting and 1408 patients died; 44,713 patients were treated with single dose activated charcoal; 11,275 were treated by alkalinization; 2481 received hemodialysis; 43 received hemoperfusion; 42 received extracorporeal oxygenation, 33 “other” extracorporeal treatment and 16 had an organ transplant. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/10/05 UR - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1149117367 ER -