TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - EPIDEMIOLOGY OF HYPERTENSION A1 - Wong, Nathan D. A1 - Franklin, Stanley S. A2 - Fuster, Valentin A2 - Harrington, Robert A. A2 - Narula, Jagat A2 - Eapen, Zubin J. PY - 2017 T2 - Hurst's The Heart, 14e AB - SummaryThis chapter discusses the definition and classification of hypertension, its prevalence, treatment and control, as well as risk factors for and risks of the condition. According to JNC 7, normal blood pressure (BP) is defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP) <120 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) <80 mm Hg. Individuals with SBP of 120-139 mm Hg or DBP of 80-89 mm Hg are classified as having prehypertension. Individuals with SBP of 140-159 mm Hg or DBP of 90-99 mm Hg are classified as having stage 1 hypertension whereas those with SBP ≥160 mm Hg or DBP ≥100 mm Hg are considered to have stage 2 hypertension. In the USA, ~33% of adults aged ≥20 years have hypertension; prevalence is highest among non-Hispanic blacks, and increases with age and body-mass index. In the period 2007-2012, ~77% of hypertensive individuals were being treated and ~54% had their hypertension under control. In addition to age, race/ethnicity, and body-mass index, other major risk factors for hypertension include tobacco use and diet (see accompanying Hurst's Central Illustration). Among individuals aged <60 years, men are more likely to have the condition; the inverse is true among older adults. Hypertension significantly increases the risk of stroke and cardiovascular disease, and is the top attributable cause of death worldwide. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/03/29 UR - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1191185920 ER -