Sections View Full Chapter Figures Tables Videos Annotate Full Chapter Figures Tables Videos Supplementary Content ++|PrintAbbreviations & Symbols Used in OphthalmologyA or ACC AccommodationAx or x Axis of cylindric lensBI or BO Base-in or base-out (prism)CF Counting fingersC or Cyl Cylindric lens or cylinderD Diopter (lens strength)E EsophoriaEOG Electro-oculographyEOM Extraocular muscles or movementsERG ElectroretinographyET Esotropia (with L or R)H HyperphoriaHM Hand movementsHT HypertropiaIOP Intraocular pressureIPD Interpupillary distanceJ1, J2, J3, etc. Test types (Jaeger) for testing reading visionKP Keratic precipitatesLP Light perceptionLproj Light projectionLR Light reactionN NasalNLP No light perceptionNPC Near point of convergenceOD (R, or RE) Oculus dexter (right eye)OS (L, or LE) Oculus sinister (left eye)OU Oculi unitas (both eyes)PD Prism diopterPH PinholePRRE Pupils round, regular, and equalS or Sph Spherical lensVA Visual acuityVE Visual efficiencyVER Visual evoked responseX ExophoriaXT Exotropia+ Plus or convex lens– Minus or concave lens Combined with∞ Infinity (6 meters [20 feet] or more distance)° Degree (measurement of strabismus angle)Δ Prism diopter Your MyAccess profile is currently affiliated with '[InstitutionA]' and is in the process of switching affiliations to '[InstitutionB]'. Please click ‘Continue’ to continue the affiliation switch, otherwise click ‘Cancel’ to cancel signing in. Get Free Access Through Your Institution Learn how to see if your library subscribes to McGraw Hill Medical products. Subscribe: Institutional or Individual Sign In Username Error: Please enter User Name Password Error: Please enter Password Forgot Username? Forgot Password? Sign in via OpenAthens Sign in via Shibboleth