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Essentials of Diagnosis
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Kidney size is small and contracted
Decreased urinary concentrating ability
Chronic kidney disease (CKD)
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General Considerations
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Polyuria may occur if tubular damage leads to nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, possibly from vasopressin insensitivity
Volume depletion can rarely occur as a result of a salt-wasting defect in some individuals
Obstructive uropathy
In partial obstruction, patients can exhibit
Azotemia and hypertension (due to increased renin-angiotensin production) are usually present
Abdominal, rectal, and genitourinary examinations may detect distended bladder or large prostate
Vesicoureteral reflux
Analgesics
Hematuria
Mild proteinuria
Polyuria ...