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Candidal osteomyelitis
Occurs in malnourished patients undergoing prolonged hospitalization for cancer, neutropenia, trauma, complicated abdominal surgical procedures, or injection drug use
Infected intravenous catheters frequently serve as a hematogenous source
Prosthetic joints can also be infected by Candida
Coccidioidomycosis
Usually secondary to a primary pulmonary infection
Arthralgia with periarticular swelling, especially in the knees and ankles, occurring as a nonspecific manifestation of systemic coccidioidomycosis, should be distinguished from actual bone or joint infection
Osseous lesions commonly occur in cancellous bone of the vertebrae or near the ends of long bones at tendinous insertions; these lesions are initially osteolytic and thus may mimic metastatic tumor or myeloma
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