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Persistent pain, swelling, or tenderness of a skeletal part
Pathologic ("spontaneous") fractures
Suspicious areas of bony enlargement, deformity, radiodensity, or radiolucency on radiograph
Histologic evidence of bone neoplasm on biopsy specimen
Primary tumors of bone are relatively uncommon in comparison with secondary or metastatic neoplasms
Osteosarcoma, the most common malignancy of bone, typically occurs in adolescents
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Osteosarcoma may present as pain or swelling in a bone or joint (especially in or around the knee)
When the symptoms appear following a sports-related injury, accurate diagnosis may be delayed
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Chemotherapy for some
Osteosarcomas: treated by resection and chemotherapy; 5-year survival rate of 60%
Osteoid osteomas (seen in children and adolescents) should be surgically removed
Tumors derived from cartilage treated with appropriate curettement or surgery have good prognosis
Ewing sarcoma (affects children, adolescents, and young adults), has a 50% mortality rate in spite of chemotherapy, irradiation, and surgery