Sections View Full Chapter Figures Tables Videos Annotate Full Chapter Figures Tables Videos Supplementary Content + Download Section PDF Listen ++ For further information, see CMDT Part 15-19: Benign Esophageal Lesions + Key Features Download Section PDF Listen +++ ++ Protrusion of pharyngeal mucosa develops at the pharyngoesophageal junction between the inferior pharyngeal constrictor and the cricopharyngeus Loss of elasticity of the upper esophageal sphincter, resulting in restricted opening during swallowing, is believed to be the cause + Clinical Findings Download Section PDF Listen +++ ++ Dysphagia and regurgitation tend to develop insidiously over years in older predominantly male patients Initial symptoms include vague oropharyngeal dysphagia with coughing or throat discomfort As the diverticulum enlarges and retains food, patients may note Halitosis Spontaneous regurgitation of undigested food Nocturnal choking Gurgling in the throat Protrusion in the neck Complications Aspiration pneumonia Bronchiectasis Lung abscess + Diagnosis Download Section PDF Listen +++ ++ Video esophagography is the best method to establish diagnosis + Treatment Download Section PDF Listen +++ ++ Observation is sufficient for small asymptomatic diverticula Upper esophageal myotomy is required for symptomatic patients