The field of women's health encompasses more than reproductive health issues; it evaluates diseases and conditions only seen in or experienced by women or experienced by women in ways differently than men, as well as the evidence-based prevention and treatment of risk factors and diseases in women. Hence, all primary care providers should be well versed in women's health issues. While this chapter refers to other disease-based chapters in the textbook, it also emphasizes the understanding of issues from the particular perspective of women.