I. Multisystem manifestations |
Anaphylaxis Cephalosporins Dextran Insulin Iodinated drugs or contrast media Lidocaine Penicillins Procaine Angioedema ACE inhibitors Drug-induced lupus erythematosus Cephalosporins Hydralazine Iodides Isoniazid Methyldopa Phenytoin | Procainamide Quinidine Sulfonamides Thiouracil Fever Aminosalicylic acid Amphotericin B Antihistamines Penicillins Hyperpyrexia Antipsychotics Serum sickness Aspirin Penicillins Propylthiouracil Sulfonamides |
II. Endocrine manifestations |
Addisonian-like syndrome Busulfan Ketoconazole Galactorrhea (may also cause amenorrhea) Methyldopa Phenothiazines Tricyclic antidepressants Gynecomastia Calcium channel antagonists Digitalis Estrogens Griseofulvin Isoniazid Methyldopa Phenytoin Spironolactone Testosterone Sexual dysfunction Beta blockers Clonidine Diuretics | Guanethidine Lithium Major tranquilizers Methyldopa Oral contraceptives Sedatives Thyroid function tests, disorders of Acetazolamide Amiodarone Chlorpropamide Clofibrate Colestipol and nicotinic acid Gold salts Iodides Lithium Oral contraceptives Phenothiazines Phenylbutazone Phenytoin Sulfonamides Tolbutamide |
III. Metabolic manifestations |
Hyperbilirubinemia Rifampin Hypercalcemia Antacids with absorbable alkali Thiazides Vitamin D Hyperglycemia Chlorthalidone Diazoxide Encainide Ethacrynic acid Furosemide Glucocorticoids Growth hormone Oral contraceptives Thiazides Hypoglycemia Insulin Oral hypoglycemics Quinine Hyperkalemia ACE inhibitors Amiloride Cytotoxics Digitalis overdose Heparin Lithium Potassium preparations including salt substitute Potassium salts of drugs Spironolactone Succinylcholine Triamterene Hypokalemia Alkali-induced alkalosis Amphotericin B | Diuretics Gentamicin Insulin Laxative abuse Mineralocorticoids, some glucocorticoids Osmotic diuretics Sympathomimetics Tetracycline Theophylline Vitamin B12 Hyperuricemia Aspirin Cytotoxics Ethacrynic acid Furosemide Hyperalimentation Thiazides Hyponatremia 1. Dilutional Carbamazepine Chlorpropamide Cyclophosphamide Diuretics Vincristine 2. Salt wasting Diuretics Enemas Mannitol Metabolic acidosis Acetazolamide Paraldehyde Salicylates Spironolactone |
IV. Dermatologic manifestations |
Acne Anabolic and androgenic steroids Bromides Glucocorticoids Iodides Heparin Oral contraceptives (withdrawal) Eczema Captopril Cream and lotion preservatives Lanolin Topical antihistamines Topical antimicrobials Topical local anesthetics Erythema multiforme or Steven Johnson syndrome Barbiturates Chlorpropamide Codeine Penicillins Phenylbutazone Phenytoin Salicylates Sulfonamides Sulfones Tetracyclines Thiazides Erythema nodosum Oral contraceptives Penicillins Sulfonamides Exfoliative dermatitis Barbiturates Gold salts Penicillins Phenylbutazone Phenytoin Quinidine Sulfonamides Fixed drug eruptions Barbiturates Captopril Phenylbutazone Quinine Salicylates Sulfonamides Methyldopa Phenytoin Skin necrosis Warfarin Toxic epidermal necrolysis (bullous) Allopurinol Barbiturates Bromides Iodides Nalidixic acid Penicillins | Isoniazid Oral contraceptives Alopecia Cytotoxics Ethionamide Hyperpigmentation Bleomycin Busulfan Chloroquine and other antimalarials Corticotropin Cyclophosphamide Gold salts Hypervitaminosis A Oral contraceptives Phenothiazines Lichenoid eruptions Aminosalicylic acid Antimalarials Chlorpropamide Gold salts Methyldopa Phenothiazines Photodermatitis Captopril Chlordiazepoxide Furosemide Griseofulvin Nalidixic acid Oral contraceptives Phenothiazines Sulfonamides Sulfonylureas Tetracyclines, particularly demeclocycline Thiazides Purpura (see also thrombocytopenia) Allopurinol Ampicillin Aspirin Glucocorticoids Rashes (nonspecific) Allopurinol Ampicillin Barbiturates Indapamide Phenylbutazone Phenytoin Sulfonamides Urticaria Aspirin Barbiturates Captopril Enalapril Penicillins Sulfonamides |
V. Hematologic manifestations |
Agranulocytosis (see also Pancytopenia) Captopril Carbimazole Chloramphenicol Cytotoxics Gold salts Indomethacin Methimazole Oxyphenbutazone Phenothiazines Phenylbutazone Propylthiouracil Sulfonamides Tolbutamide Tricyclic antidepressants Clotting abnormalities/hypothrombinemia Cefamandole Cefoperazone Moxalactam Eosinophilia Aminosalicylic acid Chlorpropamide Erythromycin estolate Imipramine L-Tryptophan Methotrexate Nitrofurantoin Procarbazine Sulfonamides Primidone Triamterene Trimethroprim Pancytopenia (aplastic anemia) Carbamazepine Chloramphenicol Cytotoxics Gold salts Mephenytoin Phenylbutazone Phenytoin Quinacrine Sulfonamides Trimethadione Zidovudine (AZT) Pure red cell aplasia Azathioprine Chlorpropamide Isoniazid Phenytoin | Hemolytic anemia Aminosalicylic acid Cephalosporins Chlorpromazine Dapsone Insulin Isoniazid Levodopa Mefenamic acid Melphalan Methyldopa Penicillins Phenacetin Procainamide Quinidine Rifampin Sulfonamides Hemolytic anemias in G6PD deficiency See Table 63-4 Leukocytosis Glucocorticoids Lithium Lymphadenopathy Phenytoin Primidone Megaloblastic anemia Folate antagonists Nitrous oxide Oral contraceptives Phenobarbital Phenytoin Thrombocytopenia (see also Pancytopenia) Acetazolamine Aspirin Carbamazepine Carbenicillin Chlorpropamide Chlorthalidone Furosemide Gold salts Heparin Indomethacin Isoniazid Methyldopa Moxalactam Phenylbutazone Phenytoin and other hydantoins Quinidine Quinine Thiazides Ticarcillin |
VI. Cardiovascular manifestations |
Angina exacerbation Alpha blockers Beta blocker withdrawal Ergotamine Excessive thyroxine Hydralazine Methysergide Minoxidil Nifedipine Oxytocin Vasopressin Arrhythmias Adriamycin Antiarrhythmic drugs Atropine Anticholinesterases Beta blockers Digitalis Emetine Lithium Phenothiazines Indomethacin Mannitol Minoxidil Phenylbutazone Steroids Hypertension Clonidine withdrawal Corticotropin Cyclosporine Glucocorticoids Monoamine oxidase inhibitors with sympathomimetics NSAIDs Oral contraceptives Sympathomimetics Tricyclic antidepressants with sympathomimetics | Sympathomimetics Thyroid hormone Tricyclic antidepressants Verapamil AV block Clonidine Methyldopa Verapamil Cardiomyopathy Adriamycin Daunorubicin Emetine Lithium Phenothiazines Sulfonamides Sympathomimetics Fluid retention or congestive heart failure Beta blockers Calcium antagonists Estrogens Hypotension Calcium antagonists Citrated blood Diuretics Levodopa Morphine Nitroglycerin Phenothiazines Protamine Quinidine Pericarditis Emetine Hydralazine Methysergide Procainamide Thromboembolism Oral contraceptives |
VII. Respiratory manifestations |
Airway obstruction Beta blockers Cephalosporins Cholinergic drugs NSAIDs Penicillins Pentazocine Streptomycin Tartrazine (drugs with yellow dye) Cough ACE inhibitors Pulmonary edema Contrast media Heroin Methadone Propoxyphene | Pulmonary infiltrates Acyclovir Amiodarone Azathioprine Bleomycin Busulfan Carmustine (BCNU) Chlorambucil Cyclophosphamide Melphalan Methotrexate Methysergide Mitomycin C Nitrofurantoin Procarbazine Sulfonamides |
VIII. Gastrointestinal manifestations |
Cholestatic jaundice Anabolic steroids Androgens Chlorpropamide Erythromycin estolate Gold salts Methimazole Calcium carbonate Ferrous sulfate Ion exchange resins Opiates Phenothiazines Tricyclic antidepressants Verapamil Diarrhea or colitis Antibiotics (broad-spectrum) Colchicine Digitalis Magnesium in antacids Methyldopa Diffuse hepatocellular damage Acetaminophen (paracetamol) Allopurinol Aminosalicylic acid Dapsone Erythromycin estolate Ethionamide Glyburide Halothane Isoniazid Ketoconazole Methimazole Methotrexate Methoxyflurane Methyldopa Monoamine oxidase inhibitors Niacin Nifedipine Nitrofurantoin Phenytoin Propoxyphene Propylthiouracil Pyridium Rifampin Salicylates Sodium valproate Sulfonamides Tetracyclines 4. Ulceration Aspirin Cytotoxics Gentian violet Isoproterenol (sublingual) Pancreatin Pancreatitis Azathioprine Ethacrynic acid Furosemide | Nitrofurantoin Oral contraceptives Phenothiazines Constipation or ileus Aluminum hydroxide Barium sulfate Verapamil Zidovudine (AZT) Intestinal ulceration Solid KCl preparations Malabsorption Aminosalicylic acid Antibiotics (broad-spectrum) Cholestyramine Colchicine Colestipol Cytotoxics Neomycin Phenobarbital Phenytoin Nausea or vomiting Digitalis Estrogens Ferrous sulfate Levodopa Opiates Potassium chloride Tetracyclines Theophylline Oral conditions 1. Gingival hyperplasia Calcium antagonists Cyclosporine Phenytoin 2. Salivary gland swelling Bretylium Clonidine Guanethidine Iodides Phenylbutazone 3. Taste Disturbances Biguanides Captopril Griseofulvin Lithium Metronidazole Penicillamine Rifampin Glucocorticoids Opiates Oral contraceptives Sulfonamides Thiazides Peptic ulceration or hemorrhage Aspirin Ethacrynic acid Glucocorticoids NSAIDs |
IX. Renal/urinary manifestations |
Bladder dysfunction Anticholinergics Disopyramide Monoamine oxidase inhibitors Tricyclic antidepressants Calculi Acetazolamide Vitamin D Concentrating defect with polyuria (or nephrogenic diabetes insipidus) Demeclocycline Lithium Methoxyflurane Vitamin D Hemorrhagic cystitis Cyclophosphamide Interstitial nephritis Allopurinol Furosemide Penicillins, esp. methicillin Phenindione Sulfonamides Thiazides Nephropathies Due to analgesics (e.g., phenacetin) Nephrotic syndrome Captopril Gold salts | Penicillamine Phenindione Probenecid Obstructive uropathy Extrarenal: methysergide Intrarenal: cytotoxics Renal dysfunction Cyclosporine NSAIDs Triamterene Renal tubular acidosis Acetazolamide Amphotericin B Degraded tetracycline Tubular necrosis Aminoglycosides Amphotericin B Colistin Cyclosporine Methoxyflurane Polymyxins Radioiodinated contrast medium Sulfonamides Tetracyclines |
X. Neurologic manifestations |
Exacerbation of myasthenia Aminoglycosides Polymyxins Extrapyramidal effects Butyrophenones, e.g., haloperidol Levodopa Methyldopa Metoclopramide Oral contraceptives Phenothiazines Tricyclic antidepressants Headache Ergotamine (withdrawal) Glyceryl trinitrate Hydralazine Indomethacin Peripheral neuropathy Amiodarone Chloramphenicol Chloroquine Chlorpropamide Clofibrate Demeclocycline Disopyramide Ethambutol Ethionamide Glutethimide Hydralazine Isoniazid Methysergide Metronidazole | Nalidixic acid Nitrofurantoin Phenytoin Polymyxin, colistin Procarbazine Streptomycin Tolbutamide Tricyclic antidepressants Vincristine Pseudotumor cerebri (or intracranial hypertension) Amiodarone Glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids Hypervitaminosis A Oral contraceptives Tetracyclines Seizures Amphetamines Analeptics Isoniazid Lidocaine Lithium Nalidixic acid Penicillins Phenothiazines Physostigmine Theophylline Tricyclic antidepressants Vincristine Stroke Oral contraceptives |
XI. Ocular manifestations |
Cataracts Busulfan Chlorambucil Glucocorticoids Phenothiazines Color vision alteration Barbiturates Digitalis Methaqualone Glaucoma Mydriatics Sympathomimetics Optic neuritis Aminosalicylic acid Chloramphenicol Ethambutol Isoniazid | Streptomycin Thiazides Corneal edema Oral contraceptives Corneal opacities Chloroquine Indomethacin Vitamin D Penicillamine Phenothiazines Phenylbutazone Quinine Streptomycin Retinopathy Chloroquine Phenothiazines |
XII. Ear manifestations |
Deafness Aminoglycosides Aspirin Bleomycin Chloroquine Erythromycin Ethacrynic acid | Furosemide Nortriptyline Quinine Vestibular disorders Aminoglycosides Quinine |
XIII. Musculoskeletal manifestations |
Bone disorders 1. Osteoporosis Glucocorticoids Heparin 2. Osteomalacia Aluminum hydroxide Anticonvulsants Glutethimide | Myopathy or myalgia Amphotericin B Chloroquine Clofibrate Glucocorticoids Oral contraceptives Myositis Gemfibrozil Lovastatin |
XIV. Psychiatric manifestations |
Delirious or confusional states Amantadine Aminophylline Anticholinergics Antidepressants Cimetidine Digitalis Glucocorticoids Isoniazid Levodopa Methyldopa Penicillins Phenothiazines Sedatives and hypnotics Hallucinatory states Amantadine Beta blockers Levodopa Meperidine Narcotics Pentazocine Tricyclic antidepressants Hypomania, mania, or excited reactions Glucocorticoids Levodopa Monoamine oxidase inhibitors Sympathomimetics Tricyclic antidepressants | Depression Amphetamine withdrawal Beta blockers Centrally acting antihypertensives (reserpine, methyldopa, clonidine) Glucocorticoids Levodopa Drowsiness Antihistamines Anxiolytic drugs Clonidine Major tranquilizers Methyldopa Tricyclic antidepressants Schizophrenic-like or paranoid reactions Amphetamines Bromides Glucocorticoids Levodopa Lysergic acid Monoamine oxidase inhibitors Tricyclic antidepressants Sleep disturbances Anorexiants Levodopa Monoamine oxidase inhibitors Sympathomimetics |