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Chapter 44. AIDS and Lentiviruses
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HIV-1 is classified as a member of the Lentivirus genus in the Retroviridae family. Lentiviruses
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(C) Infect cells of the immune system
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(D) Have related sequences endogenous in normal cells
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(E) Cause rapidly progressive neurologic disease
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HIV-1 encodes an envelope glycoprotein, gp120. This protein
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(A) Causes membrane fusion
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(B) Binds to the viral coreceptor on the cell surface
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(C) Is highly conserved among different isolates
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(D) Fails to elicit neutralizing antibody
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(E) Induces chemokine production
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HIV/AIDS has become a worldwide epidemic that continues to expand. The geographic area with the largest number of HIV-infected people after sub-Saharan Africa is
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(A) Central and South America and the Caribbean
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(E) Eastern Europe and Central Asia
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The typical course of an untreated HIV infection extends over 10 or more years. There is usually a long period (clinical latency) between the time of primary HIV infection and the development of AIDS. During this period of clinical latency
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(A) HIV is not detectable in the plasma.
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(B) CD4 cell counts remain unchanged.
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(C) Virus replicates at a very low rate.
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(D) Virus is present in lymphoid organs.
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(E) Neutralizing antibodies are not elicited.
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Viral coinfections occur in HIV-1-infected individuals and may contribute to morbidity and mortality. The most common coinfection in HIV-1-positive persons in the United States involves
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(D) Human T-lymphotropic virus
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(E) Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus
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What are the most common symptoms of acute HIV infection?
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