Spurious/Pseudohyperkalemia Leakage from erythrocytes when separation of serum from clot is delayed (plasma K+ normal) Marked thrombocytosis or leukocytosis with release of intracellular K+ (plasma K+ normal) Repeated fist clenching during phlebotomy, with release of K+ from forearm muscles Specimen drawn from arm with intravenous K+ infusion Decreased K+ excretion Kidney disease, acute and chronic Renal secretory defects (may or may not have reduced kidney function): kidney transplant, interstitial nephritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, sickle cell disease, amyloidosis, obstructive nephropathy Hypoaldosteronism Addison disease Type IV renal tubular ... |