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Home Books Ganong's Review of Medical Physiology, 26e

Chapter 39: Acidification of the Urine & Bicarbonate Excretion

Chapter 39. Acidification of the Urine & Bicarbonate Excretion

Which of the following is the principal buffer in interstitial fluid?

A. Hemoglobin

B. Other proteins

C. Carbonic acid

D. H2Po4

E. Compounds containing histidine

Increasing alveolar ventilation increases the blood pH because

A. it activates neural mechanisms that remove acid from the blood.

B. it makes hemoglobin a stronger acid.

C. it increases the Po2 of the blood.

D. it decreases the PCO2 in the alveoli.

E. the increased muscle work of increased breathing generates more CO2.

In uncompensated metabolic alkalosis

A. the plasma pH, the plasma HCO3– concentration, and the arterial PCO2 are all low.

B. the plasma pH is high and the plasma HCO3– concentration and arterial PCO2 are low.

C. the plasma pH and the plasma HCO3– concentration are low and the arterial PCO2 is normal.

D. the plasma pH and the plasma HCO3– concentration are high and the arterial PCO2 is normal.

E. the plasma pH is low, the plasma HCO3– concentration is high, and the arterial PCO2 is normal.

In a patient with a plasma pH of 7.10, the [HCO3–]/[H2CO3] ratio in plasma is

A. 20.

B. 10.

C. 2.

D. 1.

E. 0.1.

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