Chapter 39: Acidification of the Urine & Bicarbonate Excretion

Chapter 39. Acidification of the Urine & Bicarbonate Excretion

Which of the following is the principal buffer in interstitial fluid?

A. Hemoglobin

B. Other proteins

C. Carbonic acid

D. H₂Po₄

E. Compounds containing histidine

Increasing alveolar ventilation increases the blood pH because

A. it activates neural mechanisms that remove acid from the blood.

B. it makes hemoglobin a stronger acid.

C. it increases the Po₂ of the blood.

D. it decreases the PCO₂ in the alveoli.

E. the increased muscle work of increased breathing generates more CO_2.

In uncompensated metabolic alkalosis

A. the plasma pH, the plasma HCO₃^– concentration, and the arterial PCO₂ are all low.

B. the plasma pH is high and the plasma HCO₃^– concentration and arterial PCO₂ are low.

C. the plasma pH and the plasma HCO₃^– concentration are low and the arterial PCO₂ is normal.

D. the plasma pH and the plasma HCO₃^– concentration are high and the arterial PCO₂ is normal.

E. the plasma pH is low, the plasma HCO₃^– concentration is high, and the arterial PCO₂ is normal.

In a patient with a plasma pH of 7.10, the [HCO₃^–]/[H₂CO₃] ratio in plasma is

A. 20.

B. 10.

C. 2.

D. 1.

E. 0.1.