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Chapter 41: Pancreatic Hormones, Antidiabetic Drugs, & Glucagon
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A 13-year-old boy with type 1 diabetes is brought to the hospital complaining of dizziness. Laboratory findings include severe hyperglycemia, ketoacidosis, and a blood pH of 7.15.
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Which of the following agents should be administered to achieve rapid control of the severe ketoacidosis in this diabetic boy?
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(C) NPH insulin suspension
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Oral antidiabetic agents (listed in Table 41–1) are inappropriate in this patient because he has insulin-dependent diabetes. He needs a rapid-acting insulin preparation that can be given intravenously (see Figure 41–1). The answer is D.
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Figure 41–1. Extent and duration of action of various types of insulin as indicated by the glucose infusion rates (mg/kg/min) required to maintain a constant glucose concentration. The durations of action shown are typical of an average dose of 0.2–0.3 U/kg; the duration of regular and NPH insulin increases considerably when dosage is increased. (Reproduced, with permission, from Katzung BG, editor: Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, 14th ed. McGraw-Hill, 2018: Fig. 41–5.)
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A 13-year-old boy with type 1 diabetes is brought to the hospital complaining of dizziness. Laboratory findings include severe hyperglycemia, ketoacidosis, and a blood pH of 7.15.
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Which of the following is the most likely complication of insulin therapy in this patient?
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(A) Dilutional hyponatremia
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(C) Increased bleeding tendency
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Because of the risk of brain damage, the most important complication of insulin therapy is hypoglycemia. The other choices are not common effects of insulin. The answer is B.
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A 24-year-old woman with type 1 diabetes wishes to try tight control of her diabetes to improve her long-term prognosis. Which of the following regimens is most appropriate?
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