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Recent advances have resulted in a dramatic increase in the number and types of drugs used to manage diabetes. These agents can be divided broadly into parenteral and oral drugs. Table II–24 lists the various available antidiabetic agents. Metformin is also discussed in a separate chapter (see Metformin). Other drugs and poisons can also cause hypoglycemia (see Table I–25).
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MECHANISM OF TOXICITY
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Parenteral agents
Insulin. Blood glucose is lowered directly by the stimulation of cellular uptake and metabolism of glucose. Cellular glucose uptake is accompanied by an intracellular shift of ...