| ABI | ankle-brachial index |
| ACC | American College of Cardiology |
| ACE | angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors |
| ACh | acetylcholine |
| ACTH | adrenocorticotropic hormone |
| ADH | antidiuretic hormone |
| AFib or AF | atrial fibrillation |
| AFl | atrial flutter |
| AHA | American Heart Association |
| AICD | automated implantable cardioverter defibrillator |
| AL | amyloidosis |
| ANA | antinuclear antibody (ANA) test |
| ANP | atrial natriuretic peptide |
| APD | action potential duration |
| APTT | Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time |
| AR | aortic regurgitation |
| ARBs | angiotensin II receptor blockers |
| ARP | absolute refractory period |
| ART | antidromic reentrant tachycardia |
| ARVC | arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy |
| ARVD | arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia |
| AS | aortic stenosis |
| ASDs | atrial septal defects |
| AV | atrioventricular |
| aVF | augmented voltage left foot |
| aVL | augmented voltage left arm |
| AVP | arginine vasopressin |
| aVR | augmented voltage right arm |
| AVR | aortic valve replacement |
| AVNRTs | atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardias |
| AVRTs | atrioventricular reentrant tachycardias |
| BAT | baroreflex activation therapy |
| BNP | B-type natriuretic peptide |
| bpm | beats per minute |
| BSA | body surface area |
| BVH | biventricular hypertrophy |
| CABG | coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery |
| CADs | cardiovascular diseases |
| cAMP | cyclic adenosine monophosphate |
| CARDIA | Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults |
| CCBs | calcium channel blockers |
| CCF | congestive cardiac failure |
| cGMP | cyclic guanosine monophosphate |
| CHB | complete heart block |
| CHD | congenital heart disease |
| CHF | congestive heart failure |
| CICR | calcium-induced calcium release |
| CKD | chronic kidney disease |
| CMR | cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging |
| CO | cardiac output |
| CoA | coarctation of the aorta |
| CPA | conventional peripheral angiography |
| CPVT | catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia |
| CTA | computed tomography angiography |
| CVA | cerebrovascular accident |
| CVDs | chronic venous disorders |
| CVI | cavotricuspid isthmus |
| Cx | circumflex (branch) |
| DADs | delayed afterdepolarizations |
| DCM | dilated cardiomyopathy |
| DESs | drug-eluting stents |
| DHPs | dihydropyridines |
| DORV | double outlet right ventricle |
| DP | diastolic pressure |
| DVT | deep vein thrombosis |
| ECG | electrocardiography/electrocardiogram |
| EDP | end-diastolic pressure |
| EDV | end-diastolic volume |
| EF | ejection fraction |
| ERP | effective refractory period |
| ESC | European Society of Cardiology |
| ESV | end-systolic volume |
| ERP | effective refractory period |
| GFR | glomerular filtration rate |
| GSV | great saphenous vein |
| HCM | hypertrophic cardiomyopathy |
| HLHS | hypoplastic left heart syndrome |
| HR | heart rate |
| 5HT | 5-hydroxytryptamine |
| HTN | hypertension |
| ICD | implantable cardioverter defibrillator |
| IHD | ischemic heart disease |
| ICS | intercostal space |
| IHD | ischemic heart disease |
| INR | international normalized ratio |
| IVC | inferior vena cava |
| IVS | interventricular septum |
| JET | junctional ectopic tachycardia |
| JVD | jugular vein distention |
| JVP | jugular venous pressure |
| LA | left atrium |
| LAA | left atrial appendage |
| LAD | left anterior descending (branch) |
| LAP | left atrial pressure |
| LBBB | left bundle branch block |
| LDL | low-density lipoprotein |
| LMWHs | low molecular weight heparins |
| LTRI | lower respiratory tract infection |
| LV | left ventricle |
| LVAD | left ventricular assist device |
| LVEDP | left ventricular end-diastolic pressure |
| LVES | left ventricular end-systolic |
| LVH | left ventricular hypertrophy |
| LVOT | left ventricular outflow tract |
| MAHA | microangiopathic hemolytic anemia |
| MAP | mean arterial pressure |
| MAT | multifocal atrial tachycardia |
| MI | myocardial infarction |
| MIP | maximum intensity projection |
| MMVD | mixed mitral valve disease |
| MR | mitral regurgitation |
| MRA | magnetic resonance angiogram |
| MV | mitral valve |
| MVP | mitral valve prolapse |
| MYBPC3C | myosin-binding protein C |
| MYH7 | myosin heavy chain 7 |
| NCX | sodium-calcium exchanger |
| NDF | net driving force |
| NDHPs | non-dihydropyridines |
| NPY | neuropeptide Y |
| NSAIDs | nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs |
| NSTEMI | non-ST elevation myocardial infarction |
| ORT | orthodromic reentrant tachycardia |
| PACs | premature atrial contractions |
| PAH | pulmonary arterial hypertension |
| PCI | percutaneous coronary intervention |
| PDA | patent ductus arteriosus |
| PDE-3 | phosphodiesterase isozyme 3 |
| PE | pulmonary thromboembolism |
| PET | positron emission tomography |
| PETN | pentaerythritol tetranitrate |
| PFO | patent foramen ovale |
| PND | paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea |
| PRU | peripheral resistance unit |
| PS | pulmonary stenosis |
| PSV | peak systolic velocity |
| PSVT | paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia |
| PTA | percutaneous transluminal angioplasty |
| PTRA | percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty |
| PVCs | premature ventricular contractions |
| PVE | prosthetic valve endocarditis |
| PVR | pulmonary vascular resistance |
| RA | right atrium |
| RAAS | renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system |
| RCA | right coronary artery |
| RCM | restrictive cardiomyopathy |
| RFA | radiofrequency ablation |
| RHC | right heart catheterization |
| RPLS | reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome |
| RRP | relative refractory period |
| RV | right ventricle |
| RVH | right ventricular hypertrophy |
| RVOT | right ventricular outflow tract |
| SA | sinoatrial |
| SACT | sinoatrial conduction time |
| SAM | systolic anterior motion |
| SBP | systolic blood pressure |
| SCD | sudden cardiac death |
| SERCA | sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase |
| SJS | Stevens-Johnson syndrome |
| SLE | systemic lupus erythematosus |
| SNP | supranormal period |
| SNS | sympathetic nervous system |
| SOB | shortness of breath |
| SP | systolic pressure |
| SR | sarcoplasmic reticulum |
| STEMI | ST segment elevation myocardial infarction |
| SV | stroke volume |
| SVC | superior vena cava |
| SVR | systemic vascular resistance |
| SVTs | supraventricular tachycardias |
| TA | tricuspid atresia |
| TAPVC | total anomalous pulmonary venous connection |
| TAPVR/D | total anomalous pulmonary venous return/drainage |
| TAVR | transcatheter aortic valve replacement |
| TCPC | total cavopulmonary connection |
| TEE | transesophageal echocardiogram |
| TEN | toxic epidermal necrolysis |
| TIMI | Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction |
| TnC | troponin C |
| TnI | troponin I |
| TnT | troponin T |
| TNNT2 | cardiac troponin T |
| ToF | tetralogy of Fallot |
| TPR | total peripheral resistance |
| TR | tricuspid regurgitation |
| TTE | transthoracic echocardiograms |
| TV | tricuspid valve |
| TXA2 | thromboxane |
| UFH | unfractionated heparin |
| V1A | vasopressin type 1A (V1A) receptor |
| V2 | vasopressin type 2 (V2) receptor |
| VFib or VF | ventricular fibrillation |
| VSDs | ventricular septal defects |
| VT | ventricular tachycardia |
| VTE | venous thromboembolism |
| VVs | varicose veins |
| vWF | von Willebrand factor |
| WPW | Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome |