Chapter 36: Picornaviruses (Enterovirus and Rhinovirus Groups)

Chapter 36: Picornaviruses (Enterovirus and Rhinovirus Groups)

Which of the following statements about rhinoviruses is correct?

(A) There are three antigenic types.

(B) Amantadine protects against infection.

(C) They do not survive on environmental surfaces.

(D) They are the most frequent causative agent of the common cold.

(E) They share physicochemical similarities with coronaviruses.

A 26-year-old man develops myopericarditis with mild congestive heart failure that increases over several weeks. Coxsackievirus B5 infection is diagnosed. Which of the following clinical syndromes is not associated with coxsackievirus infections?

(A) Herpangina

(B) Myocarditis or pericarditis

(C) Aseptic meningitis

(D) Acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis

(E) Progressive postpolio muscle atrophy

A 3-month-old child develops fever, restlessness, and unusual crying. These are followed by apparent lethargy. Physical examination shows a normal-appearing infant who is minimally responsive to stimuli. A lumbar puncture yields cerebrospinal fluid with 200 white blood cells per microliter, predominantly lymphocytes. Acute aseptic meningitis is diagnosed, probably caused by an enterovirus. Enteroviruses are characterized by

(A) Latency in sensory ganglia and reactivation primarily in immunocompromised patients

(B) Transmission primarily by the fecal–oral route

(C) The presence of a DNA polymerase enzyme

(D) The entry of cells following binding to the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) receptor

(E) Undergoing antigenic shift and drift

Picornavirus vaccines have been used for several decades in the prevention of human disease. Which of the following statements is correct?

(A) The live, attenuated poliovirus vaccine produces gastrointestinal tract resistance.

(B) There is an effective killed vaccine against the three major types of rhinoviruses.

(C) The live, attenuated poliovirus vaccine induces protective immunity against the closely related coxsackie B viruses.

(D) None of the available echovirus vaccines should be given to immunocompromised patients.

(E) Only the live attenuated poliovirus vaccine is currently recommended for use in the United States.

One month after school has been let out for the summer, a 16-year-old girl develops fever, myalgia, and headache. An outbreak of an ...