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Jawetz, Melnick, & Adelberg’s Medical Microbiology, 27e

Chapter 6: Microbial Metabolism

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The synthesis of which of the following cell components is dependent on a template?

(A) Lipopolysaccharide

(B) Peptidoglycan

(C) Capsular polysaccharide

(D) Deoxyribonucleic acid

(E) Phospholipids

The synthesis of which of the following cell components is determined entirely by enzyme specificities?

(A) DNA

(B) Ribosomal RNA

(C) Flagella

(D) Lipopolysaccharide

(E) Protein

The steps leading to the synthesis of peptidoglycan occur in the cytoplasm, on the cytoplasmic membrane, and extracellularly. Which antibiotic inhibits an extracellular step in peptidoglycan biosynthesis?

(A) Cycloserine

(B) Rifampin

(C) Penicillin

(D) Bacitracin

(E) Streptomycin

Amino acids are found in the protein, peptidoglycan, and capsule of bacteria. Which of the following amino acids is found only in peptidoglycan?

(A) l-Lysine

(B) Diaminopimelic acid

(C) d-Glutamate

(D) l-Alanine

(E) None of the above

The ability to use compounds and ions other than oxygen as terminal oxidants in respiration is a widespread microbial trait. This capacity is called

(A) Photosynthesis

(B) Fermentation

(C) Anaerobic respiration

(D) Substrate phosphorylation

(E) Nitrogen fixation

The primary route of carbon assimilation used by organisms that can use CO₂ as a sole source of carbon is

(A) Hexose monophosphate shunt

(B) Entner-Doudoroff pathway

(C) Embden-Meyerhof pathway

(D) Glyoxalate cycle

(E) Calvin cycle

The peptidoglycan biosynthetic pathway is of particular importance in medicine because it provides a basis for selective antibacterial action of several chemotherapeutic agents. All of the following antibiotics inhibit steps in peptidoglycan biosynthesis EXCEPT

(A) Cycloserine

(B) Vancomycin

(C) Bacitracin

(D) Streptomycin

(E) Penicillin

The regulation of enzyme activity provides fine control of metabolic pathways. Which of the following regulatory mechanisms provides fine control of a biosynthetic pathway?

(A) Catabolite repression

(B) Induction

(C) Feedback inhibition

(D) Attenuation

(E) None of the above

The biosynthetic origin of building blocks and coenzymes can be traced back to relatively few precursors called focal metabolites. Which of the following are focal metabolites?

(A) α-Ketoglutarate

(B) Oxaloacetate

(C) Phosphoenolpyruvate

(D) Glucose 6-phosphate

(E) All of the above

Which of the following is NOT a component of peptidoglycan?

(A) N-Acetyl muramic acid

(B) N-Acetyl glucosamine

(C) Lipid A

(D) Pentaglycine

(E) Diaminopimelic acid

Which of these pathways gives a cell the potential to produce the most ATP?

(A) TCA cycle

(B) Pentose phosphate pathway

(C) Glycolysis

(D) Lactic acid fermentation

(E) Entner-Doudoroff pathway

During the process of oxidative phosphorylation, the energy of the proton motive force is used to generate

(A) NADH

(B) ADP

(C) NADPH

(D) Acetyl CoA

(E) ATP

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Chapter 6: Microbial Metabolism

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