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Jawetz, Melnick, & Adelberg’s Medical Microbiology, 27e

Chapter 5: Cultivation of Microorganisms

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Most microorganisms pathogenic for humans grow best in the laboratory when cultures are incubated at

(A) 15–20°C

(B) 20–30°C

(C) 30–37°C

(D) 38–50°C

(E) 50–55°C

The process by which microorganisms form ATP during the fermentation of glucose is characterized by

(A) Coupling of ATP production with the transfer of electrons

(B) Denitrification

(C) The reduction of oxygen

(D) Substrate phosphorylation

(E) Anaerobic respiration

The major effect of a temperature of 60^oC on the growth of a mesophile such as Escherichia coli is to

(A) Destroy the cell wall

(B) Denature proteins

(C) Destroy nucleic acids

(D) Solubilize the cytoplasmic membrane

(E) Cause formation of endospores

Polymerization of building blocks (eg, amino acids) into macromolecules (eg, proteins) is achieved largely by

(A) Dehydration

(B) Reduction

(C) Oxidation

(D) Assimilation

(E) Hydrolysis

A strain of E coli does not require vitamins when grown in a defined medium consisting of glucose, mineral salts, and ammonium chloride. This is because E coli

(A) Does not use vitamins for growth

(B) Obtains vitamins from its human host

(C) Is a chemoheterotroph

(D) Can synthesize vitamins from the simple compounds provided in the medium

(E) Ammonium chloride and mineral salts contain trace amounts of vitamins

Which of the following is NOT a mechanism for generating metabolic energy by microorganisms?

(A) Fermentation

(B) Protein synthesis

(C) Respiration

(D) Photosynthesis

(E) C and D

Which of the following terms best describes a microorganisms that grows at 20°C?

(A) Neutralophile

(B) Psychrotroph

(C) Mesophile

(D) Osmophile

(E) Thermophile

The ability to assimilate N₂ reductively via NH₃ is called

(A) Ammonification

(B) Anammox

(C) Assimilatory nitrate reduction

(D) Deamination

(E) Nitrogen fixation

Which of the following is NOT assimilated by eukaryotic cells?

(A) Glucose

(B) Lactate

(C) Sulfate (SO₄^2-)

(D) Nitrogen (N₂)

(E) Phosphate (PO₄^3-)

Bacteria that are obligate intracellular pathogens of humans (eg, Chlamydia trachomatis) are considered to be

(A) Autotrophs

(B) Photosynthetic

(C) Chemolithotrophs

(D) Hyperthermophiles

(E) Heterotrophs

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Chapter 5: Cultivation of Microorganisms

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Chapter 5: Cultivation of Microorganisms

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