Chapter 3: Classification of Bacteria

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Eubacteria that lack cell walls and do not synthesize the precursors of peptidoglycan are called

(A) Gram-negative bacteria

(B) Viruses

(C) Mycoplasmas

(D) Serovar variant

(E) Bacilli

Archaebacteria can be distinguished from eubacteria by their lack of

(A) DNA

(B) RNA

(C) Ribosomes

(D) Peptidoglycan

(E) Nucleus

A 16-year-old cystic fibrosis patient is admitted to the hospital. A sputum culture yields Burkholderia cepacia. Subsequently, there are two other patients with B cepacia bacteremia, and the organism is cultured from the sputum of four additional patients. During this nosocomial outbreak of B cepacia, 50 environmental and 7 patient isolates are being subtyped to identify the source of the outbreak. Which of the following techniques would be most useful in this endeavor?

(A) Culture

(B) Ribotyping

(C) 16S rRNA sequencing

(D) Antimicrobial susceptibility testing

(E) Nucleic acid sequencing

An unculturable gram-positive microorganism has been visualized in tissue specimens obtained from patients with a previously undescribed disease. Which of the following techniques would be most useful in identifying this organism?

(A) Serology

(B) PCR amplification and sequencing of rRNA genes

(C) Multilocus enzyme electrophoresis

(D) SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis

(E) Pulsed field gel electrophoresis

The DNA polymerase from Thermus aquaticus is an important component of DNA amplification methods such as the polymerase chain reaction. This organism is capable of growing at temperatures above 100°C. Organisms that are capable of growth at these temperatures are referred to as

(A) Mesophiles

(B) Psychrophiles

(C) Halophiles

(D) Thermophiles

(E) Chemolithotrophs

A bacteria with a genome having a G + C content of 45% harbors a plasmid encoding a gene with a G + C content of 55%. Which one of the following conclusion could be drawn?

(A) This gene codes for a cell wall peptidyl transferase

(B) This gene codes for a critical bacterial cytochrome

(C) This gene codes for a unique transfer RNA

(D) This gene codes for a plasmid RNA-dependent DNA-polymerase

(E) This gene codes for an antigenically diverse capsular polysaccharide

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Chapter 3: Classification of Bacteria

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Chapter 3: Classification of Bacteria

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