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Chapter 18. Thoracic Wall, Pleura, Mediastinum, & Lung
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A. Are nearly always benign
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B. Are common in postmenopausal women
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C. Mostly arise from bone or cartilage
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D. Most commonly arise from muscle, nerve, or fascia
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C. Mostly arise from bone or cartilage
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Risk factors for lung cancer include all of the following except
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Pleural effusion, the presence of fluid within the pleural space, can collect through all of the following mechanisms except
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A. Increase in the pulmonary vascular hydrostatic pressure (congestive heart failure and mitral stenosis)
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B. Ureteral obstruction with transdiaphragmatic urine leak
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C. Decrease in the vascular colloid oncotic pressure (hypoproteinemia)
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D. Increase in the capillary permeability due to inflammation (pneumonia, pancreatitis, and sepsis)
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E. Pancreatic pseudocyst rupture with transdiaphragmatic movement of abdominal fluid
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B. Ureteral obstruction with transdiaphragmatic urine leak
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The four sources of mediastinal infection include the following, except
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A. Spontaneous bacterial mediastinitis of sarcoidosis
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C. Hematogenous or lymphatic spread
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D. Extension of infection from the neck or retroperitoneum
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E. Extension from the lung or pleura
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A. Spontaneous bacterial mediastinitis of sarcoidosis
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Cystic fibrosis is all of the following except
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A. An autosomal recessive multisystem congenital disorder
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B. Characterized by chronic airway obstruction and infection
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C. The result of mutation in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator gene
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D. Effectively cured by double lung transplantation with a 10-year graft survival exceeding 85%
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E. A predisposing factor for chronic lung infection
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