Chapter 18: Thoracic Wall, Pleura, Mediastinum, & Lung

Chapter 18. Thoracic Wall, Pleura, Mediastinum, & Lung

Chest wall masses

A. Are nearly always benign

B. Are common in postmenopausal women

C. Mostly arise from bone or cartilage

D. Most commonly arise from muscle, nerve, or fascia

E. Are rarely resectable

C. Mostly arise from bone or cartilage

Risk factors for lung cancer include all of the following except

A. Exposure to asbestos

B. Tobacco smoking

C. Vitamin A deficiency

D. Iodine deficiency

E. Exposure to arsenic

D. Iodine deficiency

Pleural effusion, the presence of fluid within the pleural space, can collect through all of the following mechanisms except

A. Increase in the pulmonary vascular hydrostatic pressure (congestive heart failure and mitral stenosis)

B. Ureteral obstruction with transdiaphragmatic urine leak

C. Decrease in the vascular colloid oncotic pressure (hypoproteinemia)

D. Increase in the capillary permeability due to inflammation (pneumonia, pancreatitis, and sepsis)

E. Pancreatic pseudocyst rupture with transdiaphragmatic movement of abdominal fluid

B. Ureteral obstruction with transdiaphragmatic urine leak

The four sources of mediastinal infection include the following, except

A. Spontaneous bacterial mediastinitis of sarcoidosis

B. Direct contamination

C. Hematogenous or lymphatic spread

D. Extension of infection from the neck or retroperitoneum

E. Extension from the lung or pleura

A. Spontaneous bacterial mediastinitis of sarcoidosis

Cystic fibrosis is all of the following except

A. An autosomal recessive multisystem congenital disorder

B. Characterized by chronic airway obstruction and infection

C. The result of mutation in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator gene

D. Effectively cured by double lung transplantation with a 10-year graft survival exceeding 85%

E. A predisposing factor for chronic lung infection

D. Effectively cured by double lung transplantation with a 10-year graft survival exceeding 85%

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