Section IV: Occupational and Environmental Exposures

Section IV. Occupational and Environmental Exposures

Chronic arsenic ingestion

a. may result in chronic renal failure

b. causes severe CNS disturbances and mental illness

c. causes arthralgias and myalgias

d. may cause cancer of the skin, lung, and bladder

d. Chronic arsenic inhalation may cause lung cancer, and chronic arsenic ingestion may cause cancer of the skin, lung, and bladder.

Chronic berylliosis

a. seldom presents with exertional dyspnea

b. may develop following a single acute exposure

c. does not cause chest pain

d. is associated with parkinsonism

b. Chronic berylliosis may develop after months or years of exposure or following a single acute exposure.

The beryllium lymphocyte proliferation test (BeLPT)

a. confirms sensitization

b. leaves no room for error or misinterpretation

c. requires only one borderline test to confirm ­sensitization

d. requires two borderline tests to confirm sensitization

a. The beryllium lymphocyte proliferation test (BeLPT) confirms sensitization.

Chronic exposure to cadmium

a. may lead to diabetes mellitus

b. may result in diabetic nephropathy

c. can result in nephrolithiasis and osteomalacia

d. is associated with an excess risk of testicular cancer

c. Renal tubular dysfunction resulting from chronic exposure to cadmium can result in nephrolithiasis and osteomalacia.

Exposures to chromic acid or chromates

a. always lead to immediate symptoms

b. do not result in cough, chest pain, and dyspnea

c. may result in chromium-induced asthma

d. are associated with an increased incidence of bone cancer

c. Cough, chest pain, and dyspnea may indicate exposure to irritant levels of soluble chromium compounds or the development of chromium-induced asthma.

Acute high-dose lead exposure

a. may induce a hemolytic anemia

b....